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目的了解祁阳县手足口病的流行病学特征,探讨有效控制策略。方法对祁阳县2009-2012年网报的手足口病病例进行描述性流行病学分析。结果祁阳县2009-2012年网报手足口病病例3 439例,死亡2例,年均发病率为82.80/10万;病例集中分布在5-6月份,占病例总数的44.87%;发病高危人群5岁以下儿童,占发病总数的93.84%;以散居儿童为主,占发病总数的90.81%;男性发病高于女性,乡村地区发病高于城镇地区;病原学监测以EV71为主,占总数的51.01%,2例死亡病例均为EV71感染。结论祁阳县2009-2012年手足口病有明显的地区、季节、人群差异,在流行季节针对乡村地区5岁以下儿童采取重点防控措施,加强托幼机构、学校等儿童聚集性场所的预防和控制工作,防止疫情的大规模暴发。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Qiyang County and to explore effective control strategies. Methods A descriptive epidemiological analysis of hand, foot and mouth disease was conducted in the newspaper of Qiyang County from 2009 to 2012. Results In 2009-2012, Qiyang County reported 3 439 HFMD cases and 2 deaths, with an average annual incidence rate of 82.80 / 100 000. The cases were concentrated in May-June, accounting for 44.87% of the total number of cases. The incidence of high-risk groups Children under the age of 5, accounting for 93.84% of the total number of cases; mainly scattered children, accounting for 90.81% of the total; the incidence of male was higher than that of female, the incidence of rural area was higher than that of urban area; the etiological surveillance was EV71, accounting for the total 51.01%, two deaths were EV71 infection. Conclusion There are obvious differences in areas, seasons and crowds of hand, foot and mouth disease between 2009 and 2012 in Qiyang County. In the epidemic season, key prevention and control measures are taken for children under 5 years of age in rural areas to strengthen the prevention and control of children’s aggregation places in child care institutions and schools Control work and prevent a massive outbreak of the outbreak.