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目的探讨福建省2011-2015年人间布鲁氏菌病疫情状况,为制定预防控制策略提供科学依据。方法对福建省卫生机构2011-2015年通过全国疾病监测系统报告的布鲁氏菌病例数据进行分析。结果福建省布鲁氏菌病报告数由2011年的15例增加到2015年的115例,五年间共报告249例,发病率为0.13/10万,呈快速上升态势(Z=10.45,P<0.001)。漳州和南平发病率居前,分别为0.42/10万和0.18/10万。区县数由2011年的10个增加到2015年的37个(Z=25.86,P<0.001)。农村和城市发病率分别为0.29/10万和0.03/10万,均呈逐年上升态势。5~8月份为发病高峰期。男性发病率(0.19/10万)大于女性(0.07/10万)(X~2=57.27,P<0.001)。60~岁组发病率最高,为0.40/10万。农民和牧民是高发人群,占比65.46%。诊断时间小于7 d的病例占比30.52%,近5年间诊断时间趋势无统计学意义(Z=2.19,P=0.701)。福建省2011-2015年共报告14起布病突发事件,发病23人,无死亡病例。结论福建省布鲁氏菌病疫情逐年趋于严峻,医疗机构诊断不及时,误诊较多,相关部门应根据流行特征采取有效的预防控制措施。
Objective To investigate the epidemic situation of human brucellosis in Fujian province from 2011 to 2015 and provide a scientific basis for making prevention and control strategies. Methods The data of brucellosis cases reported by Fujian Provincial Health Institutions through the national disease surveillance system during 2011-2015 were analyzed. Results The number of brucellosis cases reported in Fujian Province increased from 15 in 2011 to 115 in 2015. A total of 249 cases were reported in five years with a prevalence of 0.13 per 100 000 and a rapid increase (Z = 10.45, P < 0.001). The highest incidence of Zhangzhou and Nanping, were 0.42 / 100,000 and 0.18 / 100,000. The number of districts and counties increased from 10 in 2011 to 37 in 2015 (Z = 25.86, P <0.001). The incidence rates in rural areas and cities were 0.29 / lakh and 0.03 / lakh respectively, showing an upward trend year by year. 5 to August peak incidence. Male morbidity (0.19 / 100,000) was greater than female (0.07 / 100,000) (X ~ 2 = 57.27, P <0.001). The highest incidence of 60 ~ age group, 0.40 / 100000. Farmers and pastoralists are high-risk groups, accounting for 65.46%. The diagnosis time was less than 7 d cases accounted for 30.52%, the trend of diagnosis in the past 5 years was not statistically significant (Z = 2.19, P = 0.701). Fujian Province reported a total of 14 incidents of emergency in 2011-2015, with an incidence of 23 and no deaths. Conclusion The brucellosis epidemic in Fujian Province tends to be severe year by year. The diagnosis of medical institutions is not timely and there are many misdiagnosis. Relevant departments should take effective preventive and control measures according to epidemic characteristics.