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组织细胞在高渗透性溶液中浸透,在细胞内外将会发生物质的传递现象。一部分水分和少量天然溶质从细胞内渗出,同时,高渗透溶液的溶质会渗入细胞中。在物质迁移的过程中,影响渗透传质的因素主要有:样品的组织特性,渗透溶液的组成与浓度,温度,渗透比,搅拌程度。而一些高新科技技术,如高静水压,高压脉冲电场,微波等通过改变组织细胞的某些特性可以加快渗透脱水的传质过程。简要介绍了渗透脱水过程影响水分和固体传递的作用因素和增强处理方法的内在机理与研究成果。综述了渗透脱水传质过程的动力学模型的发展。
Tissue cells soak in a highly permeable solution, and transmission of the substance occurs inside and outside the cell. Part of the water and a small amount of natural solute exudation from the cell, at the same time, the solute of the high permeability solution will penetrate into the cell. In the process of material migration, the main factors affecting the infiltration and mass transfer are: the tissue characteristics of the sample, the composition and concentration of the infiltration solution, the temperature, the infiltration ratio and the degree of stirring. Some hi-tech technologies, such as high hydrostatic pressure, high-voltage pulsed electric field, microwave, etc., can speed up the mass transfer process of osmotic dehydration by changing certain characteristics of the tissue cells. This paper briefly introduced the internal mechanism and research results of the influencing factors of infiltration and dehydration process affecting the moisture and solid transfer and enhancing the treatment methods. The development of kinetic model for the process of osmotic dehydration and mass transfer is reviewed.