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为把握森林土壤温度及土壤异养呼吸对气候变暖的响应,利用1986—2013年哀牢山亚热带常绿阔叶林土壤温度观测数据模拟土壤温度未来上升2℃需要的时间,采用2011—2013年人工控制土壤增温试验中切根处理(NR)与切根增温处理(SW)的观测数据,结合WNMM模型及SRES情景下A2与B2未来气候数据模拟哀牢山森林土壤异养呼吸对气候变暖的响应。结果表明:5 cm土壤温度增加速率为0.224℃·10 a~(-1),自然增温2℃需要90 a;NR与SW处理下土壤Q_(10)值分别为5.17和4.50,根据Q_(10)值进行计算,NR处理在土温升高2℃后土壤异养呼吸较SW处理实测值升高14.6%;经过校正、验证后WNMM模型可以模拟土壤水分(P<0.001)与土壤温度的变化(P<0.001);A2、B2情景下,NR处理土壤异养呼吸较SW处理分别升高10.2%和9.8%;A2情景下土壤异养呼吸较B2情景下土壤异养呼吸,在NR、SW处理下分别升高7.0%和6.6%。本研究中数学模拟会高估土壤异养呼吸,表明野外的实测试验是不可替代的评估土壤异养呼吸对气候变暖响应的方法。
In order to grasp the response of forest soil temperature and heterotrophic soil respiration to climate warming, using the soil temperature data of Ailao-subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest from 1986 to 2013 to simulate the time required for soil temperature to rise by 2 ℃ in the future, Year artificial controlled soil warming experiment in the root-cutting (NR) and root-cut warming (SW) observation data, combined with WNMM model and SRES scenario A2 and B2 future climate data simulation Ailao Mountain forest soil heterotrophic respiration The response to warming. The results showed that the rate of soil temperature increase at 5 cm was 0.224 ℃ · 10 a -1 and 90 ℃ after natural warming at 2 ℃. The Q_ (10) values of soil under NR and SW treatments were 5.17 and 4.50, respectively. According to Q_ ( 10). NR treatment increased soil heterotrophic respiration by 14.6% compared with the SW treatment after the soil temperature increased by 2 ℃. After calibration and validation, the WNMM model could simulate soil moisture (P <0.001) and soil temperature (P <0.001). Under A2 and B2 conditions, the heterotrophic respiration of NR treatment increased by 10.2% and 9.8% respectively compared with SW treatment. Soil heterotopic respiration in A2 scenario was heterotrophic and respiration in the condition of B2, SW treatment increased by 7.0% and 6.6%. In this study, the mathematical simulation overestimates soil heterotrophic respiration, indicating that the field test is an irreplaceable method to evaluate the response of soil heterotrophic respiration to climate warming.