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目的:探讨高胆固醇饮食对大鼠肾动脉的影响及小檗碱对肾动脉粥样硬化发生、发展的干预作用。方法:选用SPF级雄性Wistar大鼠30只,随机分为对照组、模型组和小檗碱组,每组10只,后两组给予高脂饲料喂养12周,小檗碱组给予小檗碱(100 mg/kg)灌胃,模型组按等比重的生理盐水灌胃,共6周,对照组常规饮食进水外不予以任何处理,实验结束后禁食24 h利多卡因麻醉,抽取静脉血,提取血清,测定空腹血甘油三酯、胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇等生化指标,取左侧肾动脉,行HE染色观察肾动脉组织病理改变,免疫组化观察肾动脉α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)表达,行RT-PCR及Western blot测定肾动脉的白介素(IL)-18 mRNA及蛋白表达。结果:模型组血生化指标与对照组、小檗碱组比较明显增高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),HE染色及α-SMA免疫组化示模型组大鼠肾动脉组织内膜增生及斑块形成,内膜下可见泡沫细胞及平滑肌细胞堆积;小檗碱组内膜组织轻度增厚剥脱,内膜下少量泡沫细胞,平滑肌细胞增多不明显。结论:小檗碱可能通过调节大鼠的血脂水平和抑制细胞因子IL-18的表达来改善肾动脉粥样硬化的发生发展。
Objective: To investigate the effects of high cholesterol diet on renal artery in rats and the intervention of berberine on the occurrence and development of renal atherosclerosis. Methods: Thirty male SPF Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group, model group and berberine group, with 10 rats in each group. The latter two groups were fed with high-fat diet for 12 weeks. Berberine (100 mg / kg). The rats in the model group were given gavage with saline at the same weight for 6 weeks. The rats in the control group were given no treatment except the normal diet. After the experiment, the rats were fasted for 24 h and were given intravenous Blood serum was collected for determination of fasting blood triglycerides, cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and other biochemical indicators, left renal artery, HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of renal artery, immunohistochemistry α-smooth muscle in renal artery (Α-SMA), and the expression of interleukin-18 mRNA and protein in renal arteries were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. Results: The blood biochemical indexes in model group were significantly higher than those in control group and berberine group (P <0.05). HE staining and α-SMA immunohistochemistry showed that intimal hyperplasia And plaque formation, the formation of submerged foam cells and smooth muscle cells accumulation; Berberine group of endometrial tissue thickening exfoliation, a small amount of foam cells under the intima, smooth muscle cells increased not obvious. Conclusion: Berberine may improve the occurrence and development of renal atherosclerosis by regulating the blood lipid level and inhibiting the expression of cytokine IL-18 in rats.