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p16是近年发现肿瘤抑制基因,其高表达与宫颈病变关系密切,且与人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染呈正相关。在宫颈脱落细胞中P16蛋白的表达与HC-2检测一样能够增加细胞学诊断的敏感性,且p16较HC-2检测更能够区分ASCUS细胞中是否存在病变。在一定程度上可以代替HC-2检测,提高子宫颈鳞癌的早期诊断率,从而降低传统宫颈癌筛查法的假阳性率和假阴性率,提高筛查的灵敏度和特异度,值得推广。
In recent years, p16 is a tumor suppressor gene, whose high expression is closely related to cervical lesions and positively correlated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. The expression of P16 protein in cervical exfoliated cells can increase the sensitivity of cytological diagnosis in the same way as that of HC-2, and p16 is more able to differentiate the ASCUS cells from the HC-2 assay. To some extent, it can replace HC-2 test and improve the early diagnosis rate of cervical squamous cell carcinoma, so as to reduce the false-positive rate and false-negative rate of traditional cervical cancer screening method and enhance the sensitivity and specificity of screening.