Background Doxorubicin is a widely used drug in all kinds of chemotherapy, but its application is limited by its cardiac toxicity to some extent. Most of scholars have studied doxorubicin induced myocardial injury and cardiomyocytes death, but the specific mechanism remains unclear. Autophagy is a metabolic pathway of degrading longevity protein and organelles by lysosome, especially selective autophagy which called mitochondrial autophagy exists in various cells. The normal range of mitochondrial autophagy helps to maintain the physiological function, otherwise, could lead to the development of disease. Recent studies have suggested that mitochondrial autophagy is involved in the progress of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. This article reviews the role of mito-chondrial autophagy in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, and how mitochondrial autophagy is involved in the occurrence and development of the progress, in order to provide a theoretical basis of prevention and treatment.