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为寻求白腹皮蠹和赤毛皮蠹幼虫简便科学的鉴定方法,利用形态学结合分子生物学对其做了鉴定研究,首先对其触角、上内唇、臀突和胸足胫节的特征进行了形态描述;再分别提取白腹皮蠹、赤毛皮蠹和外群黑毛皮蠹幼虫的虫体DNA进行PCR扩增,通过测序比对构建了系统进化树。结果表明:白腹皮蠹幼虫上内唇的中间2根缘刚毛呈蘑菇状,粗短,而赤毛皮蠹幼虫的则呈矛状,细长,二者上内唇的形态特征差异非常明显,可用于二者形态上的鉴定;对3种皮蠹幼虫的序列进行比对,白腹皮蠹与赤毛皮蠹的碱基相似率为89.97%,黑毛皮蠹与白腹皮蠹和赤毛皮蠹的碱基相似率分别为77.54%和77.05%,差异均明显,可用于3种皮蠹幼虫种间鉴定的线粒体COⅠ基因标记序列。
In order to find a simple and scientific method for the identification of larvae and white beetles, the characteristics of antennae, upper inner lip, buttocks and thoracic tibia were studied firstly by morphology and molecular biology. Then the morphological description was obtained. Then, the DNA of the larvae of Beauveria bark, Beech and Beetle were extracted for PCR amplification, and the phylogenetic tree was constructed by sequencing. The results showed that the two marginal bristles of the inner lip of the beetle larvae were mushroom-shaped and stubby, while the larvae of the caterpillar were lanceolate and slender. The morphological differences of the inner lip of the larvae were obvious. Which can be used for the morphological identification of the two species. The base sequences of the three species of beetles larvae were compared. The similarity of the two species was 89.97% The similarity of base was 77.54% and 77.05%, respectively. The difference was significant and could be used to identify mitochondrial COⅠ gene sequences among three species of beetle larvae.