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地震勘探所面对的地表和地下情况越来越复杂，而勘探目标却要求从地震数据中提取更多、更详细和更精确的信息。为了适应新的情况，在速度分析和动校正处理中，必须考虑到速度随地检距的变化，对双曲线型时距曲线加以改进，形成更接近实际情况的时距曲线。本文在旅行时计算公式中引火炮检距的四次项，并采用速度梯度概念来描述速度随炮检距的变化，阐明了其系数的物理含义，提高了复杂介质速度信息的精度，增加了速度分析结果的信息量，也改善了叠加效果。
The surface and subsurface conditions facing seismic exploration are becoming increasingly complex, while exploration targets require the extraction of more, more detailed, and more accurate information from seismic data. In order to adapt to the new situation, in the process of velocity analysis and dynamic correction, the hyperbolic time-curve must be modified to take a closer approach to the actual situation. In this paper, we calculate the fourth term of the gun offset during travel, and use the concept of velocity gradient to describe the variation of velocity with offset, clarify the physical meaning of its coefficients and improve the accuracy of velocity information in complex media, The amount of information on the speed analysis results also improves the overlay effect.