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鄂温克人的祖先远在二千年前即居住于外贝加尔湖和贝加尔湖沿岸地区,以后向东发展,其中一支来到黑龙江流域。我国的鄂温克人主要即起源于这一支。据史书记载,他们长期以来居住在黑龙江上游和中游的辽阔森林中,从事着狩猎和捕鱼生产鄂温克人的祖先并非以“鄂温克”这一名称出现于古史籍中。在我国古代史书中,与鄂温克人有起源关系的古老部落,特别是北魏时在今黑龙江流域一带出现的“室韦”所包括的若干部落与鄂温克人有密切的关系。
The ancestors of the Ewenki people lived far outside Lake Baikal and Baikal as far back as two thousand years ago and later developed eastward. One of them came to the Heilongjiang River basin. The main Ewenki people in our country originated from this branch. According to historical records, they have long lived in the vast forests in the upper reaches and middle reaches of Heilongjiang. The ancestors of the Ewenki people engaged in hunting and fishing did not appear in the ancient history books under the name of Ewenki. In ancient Chinese history books, the ancient tribes with origins in the Ewenki people, especially the Northern Wei Dynasty appeared in the vicinity of the Heilongjiang River Valley. Some of the tribes included in the “Swire” are closely related to the Ewenki people.