“开明专制”是东欧一些国家走向近代化的开端。与通过暴力夺取政权的英法等国不同,这类国家没有革命政权的暴力可资凭借,只能凭借旧政权的专制权力来推行改革。它们的“专制”措施,既有反人民、反革命的一面,也有强制封建顽固派转化的一面。革命打先锋,改革收其功。东欧这类国家,为了避免暴力革命,为了与英、法等国抗衡,吸收了英、法等国资产阶级改革的经验,甚至在某些局部走在前列,从而为后进国迅速赶上先进国提供了历史借鉴。 “Enlightened autocracy” is the beginning of some modernized countries in Eastern Europe. Unlike those countries like Britain and France that have seized power through violence, these countries can not rely on the violence of revolutionary regimes and can only rely on the authoritarian power of the old regime to carry out reforms. Their “despotic” measures have not only the anti-people and counter-revolutionary sides but also the aspect that forces feudal die-hards to transform. Revolutionary pioneer, the reform received their merits. In order to avoid violent revolution and to contend with Britain and France and other countries, such countries as Eastern Europe have absorbed the experience of bourgeois reform in Britain, France and other countries and have even taken the forefront in some parts of the country so as to catch up with the advanced ones in backward countries Provided a historical reference.