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目的分析四川省2013年疟疾流行特征,为制定和调整适合本省有效的消除疟疾策略和措施提供科学依据。方法对四川省网络直报的疟疾疫情数据、疟疾病例的流行病学调查资料进行统计分析。结果 2013年四川省报告疟疾病例238例,发病率为0.03/万。其中恶性疟155例,占65.13%,有3例重症恶性疟病例死亡。238例病例均为输入性,其中境外输入233例,占97.90%。每月均有病例报告,5月和6月是间日疟的高峰,共29例,占间日疟总数的40.28%。成都、广安、南充、内江、宜宾报告病例156例,占总数的65.55%。患者从发病到初次就诊时间中位数为2 d。157例患者初次就诊结果为疟疾,占65.97%。98例病例由市级医疗机构确诊,占41.18%。结论四川省境外输入性疟疾形势严峻,基层医疗机构诊治疟疾能力不足。为了如期实现消除疟疾目标,需加强医疗机构疟疾诊治技能培训,加强劳务输出归国人员的监测管理。
Objective To analyze the characteristics of malaria in 2013 in Sichuan Province and provide a scientific basis for formulating and adjusting effective anti-malaria strategies and measures in this province. Methods The malaria epidemic data of direct online reporting in Sichuan Province and the epidemiological survey data of malaria cases were statistically analyzed. Results In 2013, 238 cases of malaria were reported in Sichuan Province, with a prevalence of 0.03 / million. 155 cases of falciparum malaria, accounting for 65.13%, and 3 cases of severe falciparum malaria death. 238 cases were imported, of which 233 cases were imported, accounting for 97.90%. There are monthly reports of cases. In May and June, there were 29 cases of vivax malaria, accounting for 40.28% of the total number of vivax malaria cases. 156 cases were reported in Chengdu, Guang’an, Nanchong, Neijiang and Yibin, accounting for 65.55% of the total. The median time from onset to first visit was 2 days. The first visit of 157 patients was malaria, accounting for 65.97%. 98 cases were confirmed by municipal medical institutions, accounting for 41.18%. Conclusion The situation of imported malaria outside Sichuan Province is grim and there is not enough capacity for primary medical institutions to diagnose and treat malaria. In order to achieve the goal of eliminating malaria on schedule, it is necessary to strengthen the training of malaria diagnosis and treatment skills in medical institutions and to strengthen the monitoring and management of the workers returning from labor services.