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近年来,法国涌现出许多区域化的公共创新体系和经济发展政策(特别是集群政策),其制定者涉及广泛的主体,包括中央和不同类型的地方政府,这使得区域内的多元体系日趋复杂化,体系间的协同和绩效问题因此颇受关注。由此引发的另一个问题是新情境下公共战略的整合难题。这些都涉及多层级治理中的重大问题。我们对上述问题的关切基于对三个法国大区进行的经验研究,研究目的在于描述区域创新体系的运行情况并提出改进之道。基于案例分析,本文总结了创新体系复杂性的来源并指出:与那些着力于“简化结构”的主张不同,我们把和谐运作置于优先地位,认为构建新的协同机制能带来附加效应,拓展更大空间,完善有效程序,帮助区域内公共参与主体逐步形成集体行动的共同战略。对实践工作者的启示本文对同一区域内大量集群政策的协调困境进行分析,从而为从事公共政策制定的实践者提供有益启示。最重要的是,本文为地方政府官员设计了可行的协同机制,帮助他们构建更完整、更合理的经济发展战略,在保证企业受益的同时又不让企业感觉更复杂。
In recent years, France has witnessed the emergence of many regional public innovation systems and economic development policies (especially cluster policies) involving a wide range of actors, including the central government and different types of local governments, which have complicated the pluralistic system in the region Therefore, the issue of synergy and performance among the systems has drawn much attention. Another issue that has arisen is the integration of public strategies in new situations. These are all major issues in multilevel governance. Our concern with the above issues is based on empirical studies of three large French regions, with the aim of describing the operation of the regional innovation system and proposing improvements. Based on a case study, the paper summarizes the sources of complexity of innovation systems and points out that unlike those advocating “simplifying structure,” we prioritize harmonious operations and believe that the construction of a new coordination mechanism can bring about additional effects , Expand more space, improve effective procedures, and help the public participants in the region gradually form a common strategy of collective action. Enlightenment to Practitioners This paper analyzes the coordination difficulties of a large number of cluster policies in the same region, which provides useful inspiration for the practitioners engaged in public policy formulation. Most importantly, this article has designed a viable synergistic mechanism for local government officials to help them build a more complete and rational economic development strategy that will benefit the business without making the business feel more complicated.