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牙科金属材料在潮湿的口腔中使用时,可与口腔环境中的许多理化组分发生化学反应,产生腐蚀。同时,口腔是一个多菌群的复杂生态环境,其中的微生物会对金属材料的腐蚀产生一定的影响,即发生微生物腐蚀,微生物腐蚀是由微生物生命活动引起或促进材料的腐蚀破坏。口腔环境的温度、唾液的组成和pH值能对微生物腐蚀产生不同的影响。另外,牙科金属材料本身的元素组成、组织结构和加工处理过程的不同也会产生不同的腐蚀过程和结果。微生物虽然参与了金属的腐蚀过程,但微生物并不会改变金属的腐蚀类型,而是它们会改变金属的腐蚀速度,使金属在口腔环境中更容易腐蚀。牙科金属材料的微生物腐蚀是跨学科的综合研究,可以应用材料学、腐蚀学和生物学领域的研究方法,来对口腔微生物对牙科金属的腐蚀作用机制作进一步的研究。
Dental metal materials used in damp mouths can chemically react with many physicochemical components in the oral environment and cause corrosion. At the same time, the oral cavity is a multi-flora complex ecological environment in which microorganisms have an impact on the corrosion of metal materials, that is, microbial corrosion occurs. Microbial corrosion is caused or promoted by microbial life activities. Oral environment temperature, saliva composition and pH can have different effects on microbial corrosion. In addition, the dental metal material itself elemental composition, organizational structure and processing of different processes will have different corrosion processes and results. Although microorganisms are involved in the process of metal corrosion, microorganisms do not change the type of metal corrosion. Instead, they alter the metal corrosion rate and make the metal more susceptible to corrosion in the oral environment. Microbial corrosion of dental metallic materials is an interdisciplinary and comprehensive study that can be used to further study the mechanism of oral microbes corrosion of dental metals by applying the research methods in the fields of materials science, corrosion science and biology.