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目的了解中国民航40~59岁飞行员心血管病生物危险因素分布与聚集情况。方法 2011年中国民用航空局民用航空医学中心采用分层整群抽样的方法调查华北、华东、华南地区831名40~59岁飞行员的心血管病生物危险因素的流行病学特征及聚集情况。结果高糖化血红蛋白(Hb A1c),糖尿病,高总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(LDL-C)、低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、超重和肥胖及高血压的年龄标化率分别为5.2%、3.8%、18.6%、19.8%、11.2%、29.2%、62.2%和19.5%。50~59岁飞行员平均Hb A1c、血糖、收缩压值以及高Hb A1c、糖尿病和高血压患病率[(5.9±0.7)%、(5.6±0.8)mmol/L、(125.6±10.8)mm Hg、9.1%、5.8%、28.6%]显著高于40~49岁[(5.5±0.4)%、(5.3±0.6)mmol/L、(121.8±10.1)mm Hg、2.6%、2.4%、13.5%]。而50~59岁飞行员的TG值及患病率[(1.4±0.9)mmol/L、14.9%)则低于40~49岁(1.8±1.2)mmol/L、23.1%]。结论应加强对40岁以上飞行员的心血管病危险因素的主动干预,减少此类疾病及相关事件的发生。
Objective To understand the distribution and aggregation of risk factors of cardiovascular disease in pilots aged 40-59 years. Methods In 2011, Civil Aviation Medical Center of Civil Aviation Administration of China used stratified cluster sampling to investigate the epidemiological characteristics and accumulation of cardiovascular risk factors among 831 pilots aged 40-59 in North China, East China and South China. Results HbA1c, diabetes, high cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL- The age-standardized rates of obesity and hypertension were 5.2%, 3.8%, 18.6%, 19.8%, 11.2%, 29.2%, 62.2% and 19.5%, respectively. The mean Hb A1c, blood glucose, systolic blood pressure and the prevalence of high Hb A1c, diabetes mellitus and hypertension among pilots aged 50-59 years [(5.9 ± 0.7)%, (5.6 ± 0.8) mmol / L, (125.6 ± 10.8) mm Hg , 9.1%, 5.8%, 28.6%] were significantly higher than those of patients aged 40-49 [(5.5 ± 0.4)%, (5.3 ± 0.6) mmol / L, (121.8 ± 10.1) mm Hg, 2.6%, 2.4% ]. The values of TG and prevalence in pilots aged 50-59 [(1.4 ± 0.9) mmol / L, 14.9%) were lower than those in pilots aged 40-49 (1.8 ± 1.2) mmol / L, 23.1%. Conclusions Active intervention of cardiovascular risk factors for pilots over the age of 40 should be strengthened to reduce the occurrence of such diseases and related events.