对存在黑斑的H13钢锻材的横截面进行了宏观及显微观察,并进行了非金属夹杂物等级、化学成分和显微硬度分析。结合冶炼操作情况对黑斑产生的原因进行了分析,并进行了消除黑斑组织的热处理试验。试验结果表明,H13钢锻材的黑斑是由于钢液成分不均、溶质元素富集形成的一种严重偏析现象,通过提高钢液成分的均匀性可以防止黑斑的产生,采取二次球化退火或固溶+球化退火热处理工艺可以改善或消除锻材中的黑斑现象。 The cross-sections of H13 steel forging with black spots were observed macroscopically and microscopically. The grades, chemical compositions and microhardness of non-metallic inclusions were analyzed. Combined with the operation of smelting, the causes of dark spots were analyzed, and the heat treatment test to eliminate dark spots was carried out. The test results show that the black spot of H13 steel is a serious segregation phenomenon caused by the uneven composition of molten steel and the enrichment of solute elements. It can prevent the occurrence of dark spots by improving the homogeneity of the molten steel. Annealing or solid solution + nodular annealing heat treatment process can improve or eliminate black spots in the forging material.