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介于复活的天山造山带与稳定的准噶尔克拉通之间的准噶尔盆地南缘前陆冲断带,是印度板块与欧亚大陆碰撞的远距离效应产物,也是新近纪以来青藏高原隆升并向北推挤的直接结果。前陆冲断带吸收了来自造山带的水平缩短构造位移量后,克拉通一侧构造趋于稳定。准噶尔盆地南缘与世界上多数前陆冲断带构造地质特征相似,通过区域地震剖面的精细构造几何学和运动学解析,发现其中的楔形构造非常典型,是前陆冲断带内部冲断构造位移量消减的主要方式之一,控制着前陆冲断带分布范围和变形方式。准噶尔盆地南缘构造变形主要由南侧的天山造山带向北逆掩冲断,但是大部分冲断构造位移量是通过楔形构造反向传递后消减。紧邻天山北麓的齐古-喀拉扎-昌吉等构造带,山前深部的楔形体沿侏罗系西山窑组煤层向北扩展过程中,部分位移量沿构造楔顶部的反冲断层向南消减,并切割上覆地层形成第一排背斜带,另一部分位移量则继续向北传递,在断坡位置引发褶皱变形,形成霍-玛-吐第二排构造带和安集海-呼图壁第三排背斜带。准噶尔盆地南缘第二、三排构造带中-新生界内部发育多个小型的构造楔型体,这些互相叠置的楔型构造横向延伸不大,加大了构造变形的复杂性和构造圈闭识别的难度。
The foreland thrust belt between the resurrected Tianshan orogenic belt and the stable Junggar craton in the southern margin of the Junggar Basin is the result of the long-range effect of collision between the Indian plate and the Eurasian continent and also the uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau since the Neogene North push the direct result. After the foreland thrust belts absorbed horizontal displacement from the orogenic belt, the structure on the craton side tended to be stable. The southern margin of the Junggar Basin is similar to the tectonic features of most of the foreland thrust belts in the world. According to the detailed structural geometry and kinematics analysis of the regional seismic profiles, the wedge structure is very typical and is characterized by the internal thrust structure of the foreland thrust belt One of the main ways to reduce the displacement, control the foreland thrust belt distribution and deformation mode. The structural deformation in the southern margin of the Junggar Basin is mainly thrusted northward by the Tianshan orogenic belt on the south side, but most of the thrust displacement is dissipated through the wedge-shaped structure when it is reversely transmitted. In the tectonic belt of Qiugu-Kalazha-Changji adjacent to the northern foot of Tianshan Mountains, part of the wedge along the coal seam of the Xishayao formation in the Jurassic extends northward along the tectonic belt at the top of the tectonic wedge. And cut the overlying strata to form the first row of anticlines, while the other part of the displacement will continue to pass to the north, causing the fold deformation at the fault location to form the second Huo-Ma-Tu tectonic belt and Anjihai Figure wall third row of anticlines. Several small structural wedges are developed in the Mesozoic-Cenozoic in the second and third rows of the southern margin of the Junggar basin, and the wedge-shaped structures stacked on each other have little lateral extension, increasing the complexity of structural deformation and structural circle Close recognition of the difficulty.