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目的探讨健康教育联合药物干预治疗绝经期骨质疏松患者的效果。方法选择2014年8月-2016年6月在杭州市老年病医院治疗的228例绝经期骨质疏松患者为研究对象。所有患者按照治疗方法分为观察组和对照组,每组各114例,根据患者不同情况补充钙剂,并结合维生素D、降钙素、阿法骨化醇等药物,同时嘱咐患者在饮食上每日摄入钙质不低于1 200 mg。观察组在此基础上给予健康宣教,两组患者均系统治疗1年。观察两组患者治疗前后健康行为的形成率和对骨质疏松知识了解程度,检测两组患者治疗前后骨密度变化,观察两组患者治疗前后疼痛程度改善情况。结果治疗前两组患者各项健康行为水平无明显差异(P>0.05),治疗后两组患者进食豆乳制品、户外锻炼或日晒、补充钙剂及维生素D的例数均有所升高(均P<0.05),吸烟及饮酒例数与治疗前相比有所下降(P<0.05),对照组吸烟、饮酒与治疗前相比差异不显著(P>0.05),观察组与治疗前相比差异显著(P<0.05);其中观察组改善程度均优于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗前两组患者对骨质疏松知识了解程度评分无明显差异(P>0.05),治疗后两组患者各项评分水平均有所升高(P<0.05),观察组升高程度大于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗前两组患者骨密度水平和VAS评分无明显差异(P>0.05),治疗后两组患者骨密度水平均有所升高(P<0.05),VAS评分下降(P<0.05),观察组与对照组治疗后相比差异显著(P<0.05)。结论干预治疗联合健康宣教针对绝经期骨质疏松患者疗效显著,可改善患者骨密度及疼痛程度,提高健康行为形成率,提高对骨质疏松的认知。
Objective To investigate the effect of health education combined with drug intervention on patients with menopausal osteoporosis. Methods A total of 228 patients with menopausal osteoporosis who were treated in Hangzhou Geriatric Hospital from August 2014 to June 2016 were selected as the study subjects. All patients were divided into observation group and control group according to the method of treatment, with 114 cases in each group. Calcium was supplemented according to patients’ different conditions and combined with vitamin D, calcitonin, alfacalcidol and other drugs. Meanwhile patients were asked to diet Daily intake of calcium not less than 1 200 mg. On the basis of this, the observation group gave a health education mission, and both groups were treated systematically for 1 year. Before and after treatment, the incidence of health behaviors and knowledge of osteoporosis were observed. The changes of bone mineral density (BMD) in both groups before and after treatment were observed. The improvement of pain in both groups before and after treatment was observed. Results There was no significant difference in the level of health behaviors between the two groups before treatment (P> 0.05). After treatment, the number of soybean milk products, outdoor exercise or sun exposure, calcium supplementation and vitamin D in both groups increased (P <0.05). The number of smoking and drinking cases decreased compared with those before treatment (P <0.05), while there was no significant difference between the control group before and after smoking (P> 0.05) (P <0.05). The improvement in the observation group was better than that in the control group (P <0.05). Before treatment, there was no significant difference in knowledge of osteoporosis between the two groups (P> 0.05). After treatment, the scores of both groups were increased (P <0.05), and the level of observation group was higher than that of the control group (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in BMD and VAS scores between the two groups before treatment (P> 0.05). After treatment, the BMD of both groups increased (P <0.05) and the VAS score decreased (P <0.05) Compared with the control group, the difference was significant (P <0.05). Conclusion Intervention therapy combined with health education for patients with menopausal osteoporosis significant effect, can improve the patient’s bone mineral density and degree of pain, improve the rate of health behavior formation, and improve the cognitive of osteoporosis.