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目的探讨个体暴露抽样例数与抽样数据均数变异的关系,为制订个体噪声暴露测量规范提供科学依据。方法以布机车间挡车工个体噪声暴露测量数据8 h等效连续A声级(LAeq·8h)为分析对象,采用可重复随机抽样方法从个体噪声暴露数据中抽取一定数量的样本,计算均数。每次抽样1-15个,抽样1000次时,分析抽样LAeq·8h均数变异的规律。结果抽样例数较少时,LAeq·8h均数的最大值、最小值、第95百分位数(P95)和第5百分位数(P5)曲线向均数靠拢的速度较快,抽样例数增大时变化趋于平缓。每次分别抽样1、4、7和11例时,LAeq·8h均数P95和P5的差值分别为7．40、3．30、2．44和1．85 dB,抽样4、7、11例时的LAeq·8h均数P95和P5差值分别约为抽样1例时的1／2、1／3和1／4。结论纺织厂布机挡车工每组的个体噪声暴露测量抽样例数在4-11例为宜。
Objective To explore the relationship between the sample number of individual exposure and the mean variation of sampling data, and provide a scientific basis for formulating the measurement standard of individual noise exposure. Methods Taking 8-h equivalent continuous A-sound level (LAeq · 8h) individual noise exposure measurement data of cloth workshop workshop as the analysis object, a certain number of samples were extracted from the individual noise exposure data by using a repeatable random sampling method, and the average . Each sampling 1-15, sampling 1000 times, analysis of sampling LAeq · 8h mean variation. Results When the number of samples was small, the maximum, minimum, 95th percentile (P95) and 5th percentile (P5) curves of the mean of LAeq · 8h were close to the mean, When the number of cases increases, the change tends to be gentle. For each sample of 1, 4, 7, and 11 cases, the difference between P95 and P5 of LAeq · 8h was 7.40, 3.30, 2.44 and 1.85 dB, respectively. Samples 4, 7 and 11 The difference between the mean P95 and P5 of the LAeq · 8h at the time of sampling was about 1/2, 1/3 and 1/4, respectively, of the 1 sample. Conclusion The number of samplings for individual noise exposure in each group of fabricators in textile mills is between 4 and 11.