随着沿海工业和海洋事业的发展,经由各种途径进入海洋环境的污染物质数量与日俱增,造成世界各国沿岸海域日益严重的污染。在有的海域中,海洋的自净能力丧失殆尽,赤潮频繁发生,溶解氧急剧减少,鱼、贝类大量死亡,斑疹伤寒、肝炎、大肠杆菌等病菌大量繁殖,不仅损害了渔业及海 With the development of coastal industries and marine undertakings, the amount of pollutants entering the marine environment through various channels has been steadily increasing, causing increasingly serious pollution along the coastal areas of various countries in the world. In some sea areas, marine self-purification capacity was lost, frequent occurrences of red tides, a sharp decrease in dissolved oxygen, large numbers of fish and shellfish dead, typhus, hepatitis and E. coli, which not only damaged fisheries and the sea