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目的:探讨下颌恒切牙先天缺失与颅面形态的关系。方法:选取34例下切牙先天缺失患者作为研究对象。对其牙齿缺失的类型、骨面型及X线头影测量进行分析,并与正常值进行比较。采用SPSS 17.0统计软件进行统计学处理。结果:34例患者的矢状骨面型构成比分别是I类58.8%,II类32.4%,III类8.8%;垂直骨面型构成比分别为均角型64.7%,高角型29.4%,低角型5.9%。头影测量分析数据显示,男女两组组间比较,L1-NB距离及L1-NB角差异有统计学意义;男女两组与正常值比较,L1-MP角、L1-NB距离及L1-NB角均明显小于正常值,差异有统计学意义;男女两组的骨性指标与正常值比较,SNA、SNB及ANB差异均无统计学意义,男女组软组织指标差异也无统计学意义。结论:下切牙先天缺失患者的生长发育方式有性别差异。患者颌骨矢状向、垂直向发育均基本正常。下切牙牙轴明显舌向倾斜。
Objective: To investigate the relationship between congenital absence of mandibular constant incisor and craniofacial morphology. Methods: 34 cases of congenital absence of incisors were selected as the research object. The types of missing teeth, bone surface type and X-cephalometry were analyzed and compared with normal values. Using SPSS 17.0 statistical software for statistical analysis. Results: The sagittal proportions of 34 patients were 58.8% for class I, 32.4% for class II and 8.8% for class III, respectively. The ratios of vertical skeletal form were 64.7% in average angle, 29.4% in high angle, Angular 5.9%. Cephalometric data showed that there were significant differences in L1-NB distance and L1-NB angle between men and women. The L1-MP angle, L1-NB distance and L1-NB The angles were significantly less than the normal value, the difference was statistically significant; men and women two groups of bone indicators compared with normal, SNA, SNB and ANB no significant difference in the statistical indicators of soft tissue between men and women nor statistical significance. Conclusion: There are gender differences in the growth and development of patients with congenital absence of incisors. Patients with sagittal jaw, vertical development are basically normal. Lower incisor axis obvious tongue tilt.