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目的了解残障青少年疏离感现状,为开展针对性的心理健康教育提供参考。方法采用随机整群抽样方法,运用“青少年学生疏离感量表”对长沙市2所特殊教育学校的150名残障青少年及长沙市某普通中学158名健康青少年进行测量。结果残障青少年的整体疏离感水平较低(3.56±0.96),但34.7%的残障青少年有一定程度的疏离感;环境疏离感得分最高(3.74±1.21),其次为社会疏离感(3.68±0.91),人际疏离感得分最低(3.29±1.00)。听障青少年的整体疏离感及自然疏离感、社会疏离感、不可控制感、人际疏离感、环境疏离感维度得分高于视障、肢障青少年(P值均<0.05);不同性别残障青少年的疏离感得分差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05),但年龄组间社会疏离感差异有统计学意义(F=2.33,P=0.035);残障青少年与健康青少年的疏离感得分差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。结论长沙市残障青少年的整体疏离感水平较低,但听障青少年的疏离感水平较高。应有针对性的对这一群体进行相关的心理健康教育。
Objective To understand the status quo of alienated seniors with disabilities and provide reference for carrying out targeted mental health education. Methods A total of 158 healthy adolescents with disabilities in two special education schools in Changsha City and 158 healthy adolescents in a general secondary school in Changsha City were surveyed by random cluster sampling method using the Scale of Alienation Scale for Adolescents. Results The overall sense of alienation of disabled adolescents was lower (3.56 ± 0.96), but 34.7% of disabled adolescents had a certain degree of alienation. The scores of environmental alienation were highest (3.74 ± 1.21), followed by social alienation (3.68 ± 0.91) , The lowest interpersonal alienation score (3.29 ± 1.00). The scores of overall alienation and natural alienation, social alienation, uncontrollable, interpersonal alienation and environmental alienation of the hearing impaired adolescents were higher than those of the visually impaired and the limb adolescents (P <0.05) (P => 0.05), but the difference of social alienation between the age groups was statistically significant (F = 2.33, P = 0.035). The difference of alienation scores between disabled adolescents and healthy adolescents was statistically significant No statistical significance (P> 0.05). Conclusion The overall sense of alienation of disabled adolescents in Changsha is relatively low, but the level of alienation of hearing-impaired adolescents is higher. This group should be targeted for mental health education.