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按照传统公司法,在重大资产出售中,受让人并不承担原公司债务。美国法中有传统继受人责任制度,作为例外,以遏制欺诈行为。但随着产品责任的兴起,无论是传统继受人责任制度,还是公司法中的清算规则,都不能在公司出售重大资产并解散后,为未来债权人提供足够保护。在无法通过立法变革清算规则的情况下,美国法院为了实现公共政策目标,通过判例发展出新继受人责任制度——事业存续原则和产品存续原则,要求继受人公司承担原公司债务。尽管对此仍存争议,但新继受人责任制度在美国已经得到长足发展。对于中国实践也有借鉴意义。
According to the traditional company law, in the sale of major assets, the assignee does not assume the original corporate debt. In the United States law, there is a traditional system of successors, as an exception, to deter fraud. However, with the rise of product liability, neither the traditional successor liability system nor the liquidation rules under the company law can provide sufficient protection for future creditors after the company sells its major assets and dissolves them. In case the rules of liquidation reform can not be changed, the U.S. courts, in order to achieve the goal of public policy, develop a new successor responsibility system through the jurisprudence - the principle of business continuity and the principle of product survival, and require the successor company to bear the debt of the original company. Although still controversial, the new successor responsibility system has grown significantly in the United States. There is also reference for China’s practice.