目的探讨手用Protaper镍钛锉预备后牙根管的临床效果。方法选择2012年1月~2013年4月在浙江省海盐人民医院口腔科就诊的后牙牙髓炎和根尖周炎169例,采用手用Protaper镍钛锉进行根管预备,侧向加压技术充填根管,根据治疗前后X线片评价根管预备和充填效果。结果 169例共计422个根管,术后疼痛0级和Ⅰ级136例,Ⅱ级32例,Ⅲ级1例。断针4支。结论应用手用Protaper镍钛锉预备根管,熟练掌握技巧,减少不良后果发生。 Objective To explore the clinical effect of hand Protaper nickel-titanium files in the preparation of posterior teeth root canal. METHODS: From January 2012 to April 2013, 169 cases of posterior pulpitis and periapical periodontitis were treated in Department of Stomatology, Haiyan People’s Hospital of Zhejiang Province. Root canal preparation was performed with Protaper NiTi hand file. Lateral compression technique Root canal filling, root canal preparation and filling effect were evaluated according to X-ray before and after treatment. Results A total of 422 cases of root canal in 169 cases, 0 postoperative pain and 136 cases of grade Ⅰ, 32 cases of grade Ⅱ and 1 case of grade Ⅲ. Broken needle 4. Conclusion Protaper NiTi hand files should be used to prepare the root canal, master the skills and reduce the adverse consequences.