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以大黄药渣为原料,磷酸为活化剂制备了超级活性炭,考察了浸渍磷酸质量分数、活化温度和时间对活性炭织构的影响;采用N2吸附、SEM、XRD、FT-IR对活性炭进行了表征。结果表明:制备超级活性炭的条件为浸渍磷酸质量分数50%~80%、活化温度400~450℃、活化时间40~180 min;活化温度和浸渍磷酸质量分数对活性炭织构的影响较大,时间影响较小;用60%磷酸浸渍,在400℃活化60 min生产的活性炭表面积达到2 413 m2·g-1,相应的微孔和介孔体积分别为0.91 cm3·g-1和0.93cm3·g-1;活性炭孔道由多种结构的孔构成,除介孔和微孔外,最大的方形孔道中还分布着椭圆形的小孔,微孔则主要集中在0.6 nm和1.0 nm,而介孔在5.0 nm以下;此外,在600℃下活化有石墨微晶产生。
The activated carbon was prepared from rhubarb dregs and phosphoric acid as activator. The effects of impregnation phosphoric acid concentration, activation temperature and time on the texture of activated carbon were investigated. The activated carbon was characterized by N2 adsorption, SEM, XRD and FT-IR . The results showed that the conditions for the preparation of the super activated carbon were as follows: the mass fraction of phosphoric acid was 50% -80%, the activation temperature was 400-450 ℃ and the activation time was 40-180 min; the activation temperature and the mass fraction of phosphoric acid were significantly affected by the time The surface area of activated carbon activated by 60% phosphoric acid and activated at 400 ℃ for 60 min reached 2 413 m2 · g-1, the corresponding micropore and mesopore volume were 0.91 cm3 · g-1 and 0.93 cm3 · g -1. The pores of activated carbon are composed of pores with various structures. In addition to the mesopores and micropores, the elliptical pores are also distributed in the largest square pores, while the micropores are mainly concentrated at 0.6 nm and 1.0 nm. The mesopores Below 5.0 nm; in addition, graphite crystallites were activated at 600 ° C.