目的了解河南省基层居民卫生服务现况,为完善农村卫生资源配置、加强就医行为引导提供决策依据。方法 2012年1月至2012年5月,对河南省的乡镇和社区采取整群随即抽样的方法,抽取部分居民进行基层医疗反应性调查。结果村卫生室的比例占到47.31%,高于乡镇卫生院、县级市级省级医院;距离在1 km之内的居民占到78.28%,居民就诊条件方便;年龄、性别、婚姻状况、文华程度、经济收入有统计学意义。结论就医机构的选择以基层医疗机构为主;本地区的就医可及性较好;医疗保障情况较完善;医疗费用过高。 Objective To understand the status quo of health services for grassroots residents in Henan Province and provide decision-making basis for improving the allocation of health resources in rural areas and strengthening the guiding of medical behaviors. Methods From January 2012 to May 2012, cluster sampling was conducted in villages and towns in Henan Province, and some residents were selected to conduct primary medical reactivity survey. Results The proportion of village clinics accounted for 47.31%, higher than the township hospitals, county-level provincial hospitals; within a distance of 1 km accounted for 78.28% of residents, residents access to convenient conditions; age, gender, marital status, Mandarin degree, the economic income is statistically significant. Conclusion The choice of medical institutions is mainly primary medical institutions. The medical treatment in this area is better. The medical insurance is better and the medical expenses are too high.