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[目的]分离鉴定菠萝炭疽病病原菌,并完成该菌的生物学特性研究。[方法]从海南各地采集的菠萝炭疽病病叶上分离、纯化病原菌,经形态学鉴定后研究其生物学特性。[结果]通过形态学特征将炭疽病病原鉴定为胶孢炭疽菌(Colletorichum gloeosprioides Penz.)。生物学特性试验结果表明:该菌菌丝生长和孢子萌发的最适温度分别为25～30和28～30℃;最适pH值均为6.0～8.0;完全黑暗最利于菌丝生长,而光暗交替最利于孢子萌发;葡萄糖、果糖和麦芽糖为菌丝生长的最理想碳源,而除半乳糖和阿拉伯糖外其余碳源均对孢子萌发有促进作用;酵母浸粉、蛋白胨和牛肉浸膏利于菌丝生长和孢子萌发,天冬氨酸则仅对孢子萌发有利;相对湿度达90%以上孢子才可萌发,水滴条件下孢子萌发率最高。[结论]该研究结果为菠萝炭疽病的防治研究奠定了初步的基础。
[Objective] The research aimed to isolate and identify the pathogen of pineapple anthracnose and to study its biological characteristics. [Method] The pathogen was isolated and purified from the leaves of pineapple anthracnose collected from all over Hainan. The morphological characters were used to study its biological characteristics. [Result] The anthracnose pathogen was identified as Colletorichum gloeosprioides Penz. By morphological characteristics. Biological characteristics of the test results showed that: the optimum temperature for mycelial growth and spore germination of the bacteria were 25 ~ 30 and 28 ~ 30 ℃; the optimum pH values were 6.0 ~ 8.0; darkness best for mycelium growth, and light Dark alternation was the best for spore germination. Glucose, fructose and maltose were the best carbon sources for mycelium growth, while the other carbon sources except galactose and arabinose all contributed to spore germination. Yeast dip, peptone and beef extract Which is conducive to mycelial growth and spore germination, aspartic acid is only conducive to spore germination; spores germination can be more than 90% relative humidity, spore germination rate is highest under water droplets conditions. [Conclusion] The results of this study laid the preliminary foundation for the prevention and treatment of pineapple anthracnose.