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在阐述生态系统基本特征、生态经济学基本特点的基础上,回顾了生态经济理论的研究进展与实践进程,梳理了生态经济学的发展历程,进行了生态经济学展望。认为,生态经济学与其他经济学分支极为重要的特征是重视人与自然关系的剖析,旨在消除人对自然的剥夺;生产领域的效率损失和消费领域的过度消费,是导致生态危机的根源;生态经济学的理论内核是假定资源配置存在着社会最优解,且该解与企业最优解具有互补性。目前生态经济研究集中在生态产业、生态恢复、生态保护三个领域,研究切入点主要有三个。生态经济能否成为一种经济形态,是当前极为关注的理论问题。
On the basis of expounding the basic characteristics of ecosystem and the basic characteristics of ecological economics, this paper reviews the research progress and practice of eco-economic theory, combs the development process of eco-economics, and carries out the prospect of eco-economics. It is considered that the most important feature of eco-economics and other branches of economics is that it pays attention to the analysis of the relationship between man and nature in order to eliminate man’s deprivation of nature. The loss of efficiency in the field of production and overconsumption in the field of consumption are the root causes of the ecological crisis ; The theoretical kernel of ecological economics assumes that there is a social optimal solution to the allocation of resources and that the solution is complementary to the optimal solution of the enterprise. At present, eco-economic research focuses on three areas: ecological industry, ecological restoration and ecological protection. There are mainly three entry points for research. Whether the ecological economy can become an economic form is the theoretical issue of great concern at present.