一、前言 我国中小型锅炉(从工作压力来分类,一般是低压锅炉,即p<20kg/cm~2)数量庞大,全国约20万台,耗煤量大,每年耗煤近2亿吨.它们的运行效率很低,造成能源的巨大浪费,其重要原因之一,是锅炉的受热面上,常沉积着导热系数很低的水垢,它导致锅炉传热效率的下降,从而使锅炉热效率下降,煤耗量增大.根据我国有关单位对六省三市九万台 I. Introduction China's small and medium-sized boilers (classified from working pressure, generally low-pressure boilers, that is, p <20kg / cm ~ 2) have a huge number of about 200,000 units in the country and consume a large amount of coal each year, consuming nearly 200 million tons of coal each year. Their low operating efficiency, resulting in a huge waste of energy, one of the important reasons is the boiler surface is often deposited with very low thermal conductivity scale, which led to the boiler heat transfer efficiency decreased, so that the thermal efficiency of the boiler down , Coal consumption increased.According to the relevant units of our country three provinces and nine cities of six provinces