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目的研究改建鱼塘上厕所和养猪栏等的生态养殖方式对肝吸虫传播的影响。方法选择深圳市自然环境相似的两个村庄,对其中一个流行村进行鱼塘上厕所和养猪栏的改建等综合处理,实施干预两年后,用直接镜检和PCR法比较检测两村淡水螺体内肝吸虫尾蚴和鱼体内肝吸虫囊蚴的感染情况。结果在两个村共抽肝吸虫第一中间宿主淡水螺2000只,各类淡水鱼240份,在实验村淡水螺肝吸虫尾蚴和淡水鱼肝吸虫囊蚴的感染率分别为0.7%(7/1000)和6.67%(8/120),而在对照村沼螺肝吸虫尾蚴和淡水鱼肝吸虫囊蚴的感染率分别为1.6%(16/1000)和14.1%(17/120)。结论在肝吸虫病流行区实施鱼塘上厕所改造,防止粪便直接投入鱼塘可以降低肝吸虫第一和第二中间宿主的感染率,有效的阻断肝吸虫的传播,防止人群感染肝吸虫病。
Objective To study the effects of ecological farming methods such as resurgence of fish ponds on lavatories and pigsty on the spread of liver flukes. Methods Two villages with similar natural environment in Shenzhen were selected and integrated treatment of fishpond restroom and pig hut in one of the popular villages. After two years of intervention, the direct and microscopic examination of freshwater Infection of cercaria larvae and lacteal metacercaria in fish. Results A total of 2000 freshwater snails were collected from the first intermediate host of liver fungus in the two villages. 240 freshwater fish species were infected in the experimental villages. The infection rates of liverworm larvae and freshwater lacteal metacercaria were 0.7% (7 / 1000) and 6.67% (8/120), respectively, while the infection rates of C. marsh cercariae and freshwater cercaria larvae were 1.6% (16/1000) and 14.1% (17/120), respectively. Conclusions In the endemic area of clonorchiasis, the transformation of fishpond lavatories and the prevention of droppings from entering the fish ponds can reduce the infection rates of the first and second intermediate hosts of hepatic flukes and effectively block the spread of hepatic flukes and prevent the infection of hepatic flukes .