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稻曲病是一种真菌病害,严重危害水稻穗粒,群众叫它“稻乌米”。此病在我国早有发生,但以前危害不大,因而未能引起重视。可是近年来由于感病品种种植面积的扩大,栽培管理水平的提高,特别是氮素化肥施用量的增加,使稻曲病的发生越来越重。此病发病面积广,病情指数高,而且菌粉严重污染稻谷,降低稻米的商品价值。所以,稻曲病已成为我省发展水稻生产的障碍,设法减轻和防治稻曲病的危害是当前急待解决的问题,应引起足够重视。目前,尚未摸清稻曲病的发展规律和传染途径,生产中又没有控制和减少发病的栽培措施,而我省水稻主栽品种(辽粳5号、黎优57、秋光等)又都高度感病,所以,使用高效、低毒、低残留、低成本的农药防治稻曲病是一项经济有效的措施。经江苏省农科院植保所、辽宁省农科院稻作所
False Smut is a fungal disease that severely damages rice grain, and the masses call it “rice um”. The disease has occurred in our country for a long time, but it has not caused much harm in the past and therefore failed to attract much attention. In recent years, however, due to the expansion of cultivated area of susceptible varieties, the improvement of cultivation and management level, especially the increase of nitrogenous fertilizer application, the incidence of false smut is more and more serious. The disease covers a wide area, the disease index is high, and bacterial powder serious pollution of rice, reducing the value of rice products. Therefore, False smut has become an obstacle to the development of rice production in our province. Trying to reduce and prevent the harm of False smut is the urgent issue to be solved and should be given enough attention. At present, we have not figured out the law of development and the route of transmission of the smut disease. There are no cultivation measures to control and reduce the incidence in the production. However, the major cultivars of rice (Liajing 5, Liyou 57, Qiu-Guang, etc.) Therefore, the use of efficient, low toxicity, low residue and low cost pesticides to control False smut is a cost-effective measure. Institute of Plant Protection by Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Liaoning Provincial Academy of Agricultural Rice Institute