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目的探讨乙肝疫苗长期免疫后的HBV感染家庭聚集性状况的变化。方法采用整群抽样和横断面调查的方法,用固相放射免疫法(SPRIA)检测乙肝两对半,结果与历史资料比较。结果(1)检测样本4 686份,平均HBsAg阳性率为7.5%;完整家庭82户,其中HBsAg阴性的家庭占76.8%;1户1例阳性的占20.7%,1户2例阳性的只占2.4%,与1981年比较显著下降。(2)母子672对,HBsAg母子匹配阳性占5.2%;1981年的调查母子匹配阳性率为57.2%;本次调查母子匹配HBV感染率为31.3%,1981年的调查母子匹配HBV感染率为96.4%;(3)祖辈母亲与父辈母亲的HBV感染率无差异,但祖辈子代感染率为80.8%,父辈子代为15.9%。结论在乙肝疫苗长期普种地区的家庭成员的HBV感染率显著下降,HBV家庭聚集状况得到缓解。
Objective To investigate the changes of HBV-infected family aggregation after long-term immunization of hepatitis B vaccine. Methods The methods of cluster sampling and cross-sectional survey were used to detect hepatitis B two-and-a-half by solid radioimmunoassay (SPRIA). The results were compared with historical data. Results (1) A total of 4 686 samples were tested, the average positive rate of HBsAg was 7.5%. There were 82 complete families, of which 76.8% were HBsAg-negative families. The positive rate of one case was 20.7%, and the positive rate of HBsAg was only accounted for 2.4%, a significant drop from 1981. (2) 672 pairs of mother and child, HBsAg positive mother and son match accounted for 5.2%; 1981 survey of mother-child match positive rate was 57.2%; this survey maternal and child matching HBV infection rate was 31.3% in 1981 survey of mother-to-child matching HBV infection rate was 96.4 %; (3) There was no difference in HBV infection rates between ancestral mothers and fathers mothers, but the rate of progeny offspring infection was 80.8% and that of fathers’ offspring was 15.9%. Conclusion The HBV infection rate of family members in the long-term universal area of hepatitis B vaccine decreased significantly, and the status of HBV home aggregation was relieved.