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在解剖显微镜下放大6～40倍观察了106例成人和儿童脑的 willis 氏环前部的血管,着重分析和探讨了与显微外科有关的问题。大脑前动脉近侧段左侧较右侧粗短;其主要变异是一侧发育不全,计18例,占8.49±1.91%,以右侧多见。A_1的全长往往呈现各种弯曲。两侧 A_1越经视神经或视交叉的上方,至大脑纵裂,在视交叉前方(56.19±4.74%)或视交叉上方(43.81±4.74%)借前交通动脉相连。返动脉以一支型和两支型多见,多数起源于前交通动脉平面的大脑前动脉(52.53±2.89%),通常平行于 A_1的前外侧方,但也有几种复杂的行程,手术时应予注意。返动脉的穿支数平均为4.5支,除穿入前穿质外,还可追溯到额叶底部沟回、大脑外侧裂和视交叉上部。前穿动脉也以一支型和两支型多见,通常由 A_1外侧1/3的后上壁发起,以单干或分成若干穿支穿入前穿质,少数可追溯到嗅束、嗅三角、直回、胼胝体下回和视交叉等部。丘脑下部支主要发自 A_1外侧1/3的前下壁,平均为8.6支,可追溯到视交叉、视束、前穿质、直回、胼胝体下回和胼胝体膝等部。前交通动脉的变异很多,正常型46例,占43.39±4.71%,由其背侧面后方恒定地发出平均为4.7条穿支,主要至丘脑下部及傍嗅区。由前交通动脉背侧面前方发出的胼胝体正中动脉有17例,出现率为16.0±3.57%,多数细小而短,至胼胝体膝部即终止,少数粗大,到达楔前叶。
Six to 40 times magnification under a dissecting microscope was used to observe the blood vessels in the anterior part of willis annulus in 106 adult and pediatric brains. The problems related to microsurgery were analyzed and discussed. The anterior cerebral artery proximal segment of the left side of the right than the stubby; the main variation is one side of the hypoplasia, accounting for 18 cases, accounting for 8.49 ± 1.91%, more common to the right. The full length of A_1 tends to show a variety of curvatures. Both sides of A_1 passed through the optic nerve or above the optic chiasm to the longitudinal brain lobe, and were connected to the anterior communicating artery in front of the optic chiasm (56.19 ± 4.74%) or above the optic chiasm (43.81 ± 4.74%). The anterior cerebral artery (52.53 ± 2.89%), mostly originated from the anterior communicating artery plane, is usually parallel to the anterolateral side of A_1, but there are also several complicated trips. During operation Should be noted. The average number of repaired veins is 4.5, which can be traced back to the ditch at the base of the frontal lobe, the lateral fissure of the brain and the upper optic chiasm, in addition to the perforation of the frontal veins. Anterior perforating artery also one type and two more common type, usually 1/3 outside of the posterior wall of the A 1, to single or divided into a number of perforating perforation before perforating, a few can be traced back to the olfactory tract, olfactory triangle , Straight back, the next corpus callosum and other parts of the optic chiasm. The subthalamic subfractions originate primarily from the anterior 1/3 of the lateral wall of A_1, with an average of 8.6 branches, dating back to the optic chiasm, optic tract, anterior corpus, straight back, the lower corpus callosum and the corpus callosum. There were many variations in the anterior communicating arteries, with 46 cases of normal type, accounting for 43.39 ± 4.71%. An average of 4.7 perforators were issued from the dorsal aspect of the dorsal aspect, mainly to the hypothalamus and the pterygopalatine. The anterior communicating artery in front of the middle of the corpus callosum in 17 cases, the rate was 16.0 ± 3.57%, the majority of small and short, to the corpus callosum lap that is terminated, a few thick, reaching the anterior wedge.