目的分析贵州省2010-2014年人间钩端螺旋体(简称钩体)病流行病学特征与鼠类动物带菌情况,为钩体病的防控提供科学依据。方法收集2010-2014年贵州省钩体病例报告数据,利用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。对钩体疑似病例标本进行血清学检测和菌株培养和鉴定。采用夹夜法捕获老鼠对贵州省钩体病高发地区进行鼠类宿主动物及带菌情况进行监测,分析鼠间带菌情况与人间疫情的相关性。结果 2010-2014年贵州省报告钩体病人共73例,死亡10例,病死率13.70%。疫情主要集中在黔东南州,5年合计报告病例数52例占全省同期病例的71.23%。6—9月份达到发病高峰。发病人群以农民为主,占总病例数的69.86%。检测钩体疑似病人血清样本18份,其中阳性7份,阳性率为38.89%,均为黄疸出血群抗体。未从钩体疑似病人分离到钩体菌株。鼠间动物监测有效布夹数6 750夹次,共捕鼠646只,鼠密度9.57%,黑线姬鼠密度呈上升趋势,共分离钩体菌株56株,全部分离自黑线姬鼠,带菌率8.67%,经PCR检测均为黄疸出血群钩体。结论贵州省2010—2014年间钩体疫情主要集中在黔东南州,黑线姬鼠为主要带菌鼠类动物,带菌群别为黄疸出血群,与钩体病人血清抗体群别相匹配,提示黑线姬鼠带菌与人间疫情存在相关性。 Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of Leptospira interrogans (Leptospira) and the carriage of rodents in Guizhou Province from 2010 to 2014 so as to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of leptospirosis. Methods The data of leptospira cases from 2010 to 2014 in Guizhou Province were collected and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Serological tests and strain culture and identification of suspected hook specimens were performed. The mice were captured by the method of nocturnal capture to monitor the host animals and the carriage of rodents in areas with high rates of leptospirosis in Guizhou Province. The correlation between the carriage of rodents and the human epidemic was analyzed. Results From 2010 to 2014, Guizhou Province reported a total of 73 cases of leptospirosis patients, with 10 deaths and a case fatality rate of 13.70%. The epidemic mainly concentrated in Qiandongnan Prefecture, the total number of reported cases in 5 years accounted for 71.23% of the same period of the province. 6-September peak incidence reached. The incidence of mainly peasants, accounting for 69.86% of the total number of cases. Detection of leptospira suspected patients serum samples 18, of which 7 were positive, the positive rate was 38.89%, all of the jaundice hemorrhage antibody. Leptospira strains were not isolated from suspected hooks. The number of effective cloths was 6 750 times, 646 rats were caught, the density of rat was 9.57%. The density of Apodemus agrarius was on the rise. 56 strains of hooked strains were isolated, all were isolated from Apodemus agrarius, Rate of 8.67%, detected by PCR are jaundice hemorrhage group hook body. Conclusion The incidences of hook-lures in Guizhou Province during 2010-2014 are mainly in Qiandongnan Prefecture. Apodemus agrarius is the major carrier of rodents. The carriers of the infection groups are the jaundice hemorrhage group, which matches with the serum antibody group of leptospira patients, suggesting that black There is a correlation between the fungus and the human epidemic.