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宗教与国家问题,是青年马克思最感兴趣的问题。十九世纪初德国封建势力的强大和资产阶级的软弱,决定了德国革命必须从批判宗教入手。马克思在对宗教的批判中,始终把矛头对准国家,从政治斗争的角度来看待反宗教的斗争。在《论犹太人问题》中,马克思辩证地阐明了宗教与国家的关系问题,这是他这一时期对政治理论的主要贡献。马克思的宗教批判曾受费尔巴哈影响,但马克思宗教思想的精髓在于超越了费尔巴哈,以历史唯物主义的观点,从人们的社会关系,首先是生产关系出发,考察宗教产生、发展、消亡的过程。今天,在研究社会主义时期宗教问题中,坚持马克思主义,就是要用历史唯物主义的立场观点方法来考察现实的宗教现象和宗教问题。在马克思主义指导下,宗教研究还要在更广阔的领域内展开,深入研究,探索新问题。
Religion and state issues are the topics of greatest interest to young Marxists. The strength of the German feudal forces and the weakness of the bourgeoisie in the early 19th century dictate that the German revolution must start with the criticism of religions. In the critique of religion, Marx always aimed at the country and viewed the anti-religious struggle from the perspective of political struggle. In “On the Jewish Question,” Marx formulated the issue of the relationship between religion and the state dialectically, which is the main contribution to political theory during this period. Marx's religious criticism was influenced by Feuerbach, but the essence of Marx's religious thought lies in transcendence of Feuerbach. From the perspective of historical materialism, from the social relations of the people, first of all the relations of production, we examine the emergence and development of religion , The process of demise. Today, in studying the issue of religion in the socialist period, upholding Marxism means examining the actual religious phenomena and religious issues in the perspective of historical materialism. Under the guidance of Marxism, religious studies must also be conducted in a broader area, and in-depth research and exploration of new issues.