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目的探讨某矿务局职工糖尿病患病情况及其主要危险因素,为职业人群的防治提供科学依据。方法以平顶山矿区内所有职工(包括在职及离退休职工)为调查对象,通过医生体检进行问卷调查、体格检查和血液生化检测。结果有效人数是1930人,糖尿病(DM)时点患病率为11.80%,糖耐量受损(IGT)时点患病率为15.10%。按性别划分,DM患病率男、女分别为12.5%、11.0%;IGT患病率男、女分别为15.5%、14.6%,DM患病率和IGT患病率在男女之间差异均无统计学意义,且随着年龄增加和体重指数的增高而逐渐增高。单因素分析显示,年龄、体力活动、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白、体重指数、心率、血压、糖尿病家族史与糖尿病有关(P均<0.05);多因素逐步回归分析显示,年龄、血压、糖尿病家族史、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白、体重指数、心率是糖尿病的危险因素(OR值分别为1.679、1.858、2.069、2.142、1.968、1.342、2.410,P均<0.05)。结论现况调查表明:该地区糖尿病患病率已处于较高水平,在开展糖尿病相关知识宣传,提高国民健康意识的同时,应重点教育居民改变不良生活方式,有针对性的开展超重、肥胖、高血压病史、糖尿病家族史等高危人群的筛查及干预工作,从而有效的控制或降低人群的行为危险因素,降低糖尿病的发病率。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of diabetes and its major risk factors in workers in a mining bureau and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of occupational groups. Methods All the workers (including working and retired staff) in Pingdingshan mining area were investigated by questionnaires, physical examinations and blood biochemical tests. Results The effective number was 1930, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) was 11.80% and the prevalence of IGT was 15.10%. By gender, the prevalence of DM was 12.5% in men and 11.0% in women. The prevalence of IGT was 15.5% in men and 14.6% in women. There was no difference in the prevalence of DM and IGT between men and women Statistical significance, and with age and body mass index increased gradually increased. Univariate analysis showed that family history of age, physical activity, triglyceride, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, high density lipoprotein, body mass index, heart rate, blood pressure and diabetes were all related to diabetes (P <0.05) Regression analysis showed that age, blood pressure, family history of diabetes, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein, body mass index and heart rate were the risk factors for diabetes (OR = 1.679,1.858,2.069,2.142,1.968,1.342,2.410, P All <0.05). Conclusion The current situation shows that the prevalence of diabetes in this area is at a high level. While carrying out the publicity of diabetes-related knowledge and raising the awareness of national health, we should focus on educating residents to change their unhealthy lifestyles and carry out targeted overweight, obesity, Hypertension history, family history of diabetes and other high-risk screening and intervention work, so as to effectively control or reduce the population behavior risk factors and reduce the incidence of diabetes.