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目的:对子痫前期(PE)患者蜕膜中CD4+CD25+Foxp3+调节性T细胞(CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg)和NK细胞进行相关研究,探讨子痫前期发病机制中相关的免疫学变化。方法:选择子痫前期患者30例(轻度13例、重度17例)、正常晚期妊娠妇女30例。采用免疫组织化学法检测胎盘蜕膜CD4+CD25+Foxp3+调节性T细胞和NK细胞后计数并检测其平均灰度值。结果:①子痫前期患者蜕膜CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg细胞阳性表达率均明显低于正常晚期妊娠者(P均<0.05);②子痫前期患者蜕膜NK细胞数高于正常孕妇(P均<0.05)且NK细胞CD56组化染色平均灰度值高于正常孕妇(P均<0.05)。结论:子痫前期患者蜕膜的CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg细胞均低于正常孕妇;蜕膜的NK细胞数均高于正常孕妇,这一结果造成母胎免疫耐受失衡且NK细胞呈激活状态,杀伤活性增强,导致子痫前期。
Objective: To study the correlation between CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + regulatory T cells (CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + Treg) and NK cells in the decidua of preeclampsia (PE) patients and to explore the related immunological changes in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia . Methods: 30 cases of preeclampsia (mild 13 cases, severe 17 cases) and 30 normal pregnant women were selected. The placental decidual CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + regulatory T cells and NK cells were detected by immunohistochemistry and the average gray value was detected. Results: ①The positive rate of decidual CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + Treg cells in preeclampsia patients was significantly lower than that in normal late pregnancy (all P <0.05); ② The number of decidual NK cells in preeclampsia patients was higher than that in normal pregnant women P <0.05). The average gray value of CD56 staining of NK cells was higher than that of normal pregnant women (all P <0.05). Conclusion: The decidual CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + Treg cells in preeclampsia patients are lower than normal pregnant women; the decidual NK cells are higher than normal pregnant women, which results in imbalance of immunotolerance and NK cell activation , Killing activity increased, leading to preeclampsia.