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一、序数词的构成方法
1. 一般在相应的基数词的词尾加-th。例如:
four→fourth six→sixth
seven→seventh ten→tenth
eleven→eleventh thirteen→thirteenth
注意下列特殊变化:
one→first two→second three→third
five→fifth twelve→twelfth eight→eighth
2. 以-ty结尾的基数词变序数词时,将y改为i, 再加-eth。例如:
twenty →twentieth thirty →thirtieth
forty →fortieth fifty →fiftieth
sixty →sixtieth seventy →seventieth
eighty →eightieth ninety →ninetieth
3. 表示“几十几”或“几百几”的基数词变序数词时,只要将个位数变为序数词,十位数或百位数不变。例如:
twenty-one →twenty-first thirty-three →thirty-third forty-four →forty-fourth
4. 序数词的缩略式,由阿拉伯数字加上序数词最后两个字母构成。例如:
first →1st second →2nd third →3rd
fourth →4th twelfth →12th twenty-first →21st
基数词变序数词口诀:
基变序,有规律,
first, second, third要牢记;
其余变化有公式,
基数词尾加-th;
eight去t, nine去e。
从twenty, thirty到ninety,
需变y为ie;
five和twelve,
需将ve变f。
若是遇到“几十几”,
只变个位就可以。
二、序数词的用法
1. 序数词前要加定冠词the, 在句中作定语放在被修饰的名词前。例如:
The second lesson is more difficult than the first.
第2课比第1课难得多。
2. 序数词前加不定冠词a或an, 表示“再一”“又一”的意思。例如:
Try it a second time.
请再试一试。
He cast it a third time, and drew in a lot of stones.
(已撒过两次)他又撒了一次网,拉上来许多石头。
3. 给东西编号时,序号在前用序数词,序号在后用基数词。例如:
the Fifth Lesson, Lesson Five
No. 14 middle school
[跟踪训练]写出下列基数词的相应序数词。
1. one ____ 2. two ____
3. three _____ 4. four ____
5. five ____ 6. eight _____
7. nine ____ 8. ten _____
9. twelve _____ 10. twenty _____
11. thirty-one _____
12. sixty-five ____
Key: 1.first 2.second 3.third 4.fourth
5.fifth 6.eighth 7.ninth 8.tenth 9.twelfth 10.twentieth 11.thirty-first 12.sixty-fifth
1. 一般在相应的基数词的词尾加-th。例如:
four→fourth six→sixth
seven→seventh ten→tenth
eleven→eleventh thirteen→thirteenth
注意下列特殊变化:
one→first two→second three→third
five→fifth twelve→twelfth eight→eighth
2. 以-ty结尾的基数词变序数词时,将y改为i, 再加-eth。例如:
twenty →twentieth thirty →thirtieth
forty →fortieth fifty →fiftieth
sixty →sixtieth seventy →seventieth
eighty →eightieth ninety →ninetieth
3. 表示“几十几”或“几百几”的基数词变序数词时,只要将个位数变为序数词,十位数或百位数不变。例如:
twenty-one →twenty-first thirty-three →thirty-third forty-four →forty-fourth
4. 序数词的缩略式,由阿拉伯数字加上序数词最后两个字母构成。例如:
first →1st second →2nd third →3rd
fourth →4th twelfth →12th twenty-first →21st
基数词变序数词口诀:
基变序,有规律,
first, second, third要牢记;
其余变化有公式,
基数词尾加-th;
eight去t, nine去e。
从twenty, thirty到ninety,
需变y为ie;
five和twelve,
需将ve变f。
若是遇到“几十几”,
只变个位就可以。
二、序数词的用法
1. 序数词前要加定冠词the, 在句中作定语放在被修饰的名词前。例如:
The second lesson is more difficult than the first.
第2课比第1课难得多。
2. 序数词前加不定冠词a或an, 表示“再一”“又一”的意思。例如:
Try it a second time.
请再试一试。
He cast it a third time, and drew in a lot of stones.
(已撒过两次)他又撒了一次网,拉上来许多石头。
3. 给东西编号时,序号在前用序数词,序号在后用基数词。例如:
the Fifth Lesson, Lesson Five
No. 14 middle school
[跟踪训练]写出下列基数词的相应序数词。
1. one ____ 2. two ____
3. three _____ 4. four ____
5. five ____ 6. eight _____
7. nine ____ 8. ten _____
9. twelve _____ 10. twenty _____
11. thirty-one _____
12. sixty-five ____
Key: 1.first 2.second 3.third 4.fourth
5.fifth 6.eighth 7.ninth 8.tenth 9.twelfth 10.twentieth 11.thirty-first 12.sixty-fifth