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目的:分析农村老年肺结核患者就诊延迟及其影响因素,以便加强农村老年肺结核病防治工作。方法:采用横断面调查方法,除采用统一的专用门诊病历外,还运用自制的调查表,对2005年1月—2008年6月在结核病防治所诊治的农村老年新发涂阳肺结核病人逐一面对面调查。以首发症状到就医的时间在14d以上为就诊延迟。结果:老年肺结核病人就诊延迟比例高,有58.1%的病人存在就诊延迟,平均就诊延迟7.8周。导致就诊延迟的影响因素主要有结核病防治知识缺乏、经济困难、就医不便等。结论:农村地区老年人普遍存在结核病就诊延迟的现象,应该通过有针对性的健康促进工作提高结核病防治知识知晓率,并采用多种方式改变农村老年人的就医行为。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the delayed treatment of senile pulmonary tuberculosis in rural areas and its influencing factors in order to strengthen the prevention and treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis in rural elderly. Methods: A cross-sectional survey method was used. In addition to using a unified special outpatient medical records, a self-made questionnaire was also used to survey the newly-diagnosed smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients in rural areas from January 2005 to June 2008 in Beijing survey. To the first symptom to seek medical treatment for more than 14d for treatment delays. Results: Elderly patients with pulmonary tuberculosis had a high rate of delayed treatment and 58.1% of them were delayed in their visits. The average delay in their visits was 7.8 weeks. The main factors that lead to delayed treatment are the lack of TB knowledge, economic difficulties and inconvenient medical treatment. Conclusion: The prevalence of tuberculosis treatment in the elderly in rural areas is delayed. The awareness rate of tuberculosis prevention and treatment should be improved through targeted health promotion and various ways to change the medical treatment of the elderly in rural areas.