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设计了一种Ｘ波段耦合阻抗单阶跃变型相对论返波管结构，运用２．５维全电磁粒子程序模拟分析了器件中注波互作用过程，仿真了器件效率与电子注参数的依赖关系，得到了器件在５００ｋＶ、５．５ｋＡ电子注驱动下，能辐射出峰值功率８００ＭＷ、频率为（９．１６±０．０３）ＧＨｚ的微波，工作模式为ＴＭ_０１，效率为３０％。在截止波导与慢波结构之间设置一段长度合适的光滑漂移段，通过改善正向波基波对电子注的初始调制效果，优化效率可达到３８％。
An X-band coupled impedance one-step jump-type relativistic backbones structure was designed. The 2.5-dimensional full electromagnetic particle program was used to simulate the interaction of the wave-injecting devices in the device. The dependence of the device efficiency on the electron- Under the condition of 500kV and 5.5kA electron injection driving, the device can emit microwave with a peak power of 800MW and a frequency of (9.16 ± 0.03) GHz. The operating mode is TM_01 and the efficiency is 30%. In the cut-off waveguide and slow wave structure to set a suitable length of the smooth drift section, by improving the fundamental effect of forward-wave electronic injection of the initial modulation effect, the optimization efficiency can reach 38%.