宪政不能简单地等同于以宪法为中心的一套规范体系,它指涉一个国家和民族所创造的动态性的结构生成原则。《共同纲领》是中华人民共和国的建国宪法,是中国人民(中华民族)行使制宪权的结果,反映了中国共产党领导下的中国人民的主体性和创造力。经由人民革命和战争所形塑的新中国主权不仅是法理性的,更是事实性的,主权独立为新中国的民主建设提供了基本的政治前提和保障。新中国的主权代表结构是经由中国共产党领导、人民民主专政、民主集中制、社会主义等原则和要素建构起来的,因此,这些原则和要素构成了新中国的“绝对宪法”。新中国的主权和宪政结构具有“一体多元”的特点,所谓“一体”系指主权独立的政治共同体(中华民族—中华人民共和国),“多元”则指宪政结构中的政治主权和法律主权并存、工人阶级领导下的多阶级联合、共产党领导下的多党合作制度和人民代表大会制度并存、单一制下的多元民族治理体制并存等,可谓是一种比较典型的混合宪制。《共同纲领》确立下来的宪制原则和宪政结构为1982年宪法所继承和发展,因此,在它们之间存在政治和法理的历史连续性。 Constitutionalism can not be simply equated with a set of normative systems centered on the Constitution. It refers to the dynamic principles of structural formation created by one nation and nation. The “Common Program” is the founding of the People’s Republic of China for the founding of the People’s Republic of China. It is the result of the exercise of constitutional power by the Chinese people (the Chinese nation) and reflects the subjectivity and creativity of the Chinese people under the leadership of the CPC. The new China’s sovereignty shaped by the people’s revolution and war is not only legal but also de facto. Sovereign independence provides the basic political premise and guarantee for the democratic construction in new China. The structure of sovereignty of New China is constructed through the principles and elements of the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the people’s democratic dictatorship, democratic centralism and socialism. Therefore, these principles and elements constitute the “absolute constitution” of new China. The sovereignty and constitutional structure of New China have the characteristics of “unity and pluralism.” The so-called “one body” refers to the political community with sovereign independence (the Chinese nation - the People’s Republic of China), and “pluralism” refers to the constitutional structure The coexistence of political sovereignty and legal sovereignty, the multi-class coalition under the leadership of the working class, the system of multi-party cooperation under the leadership of the Communist Party and the system of people’s congresses, and the coexistence of a multi-ethnic governing system under a single system can be described as a typical mixture Constitution. The constitutional principles and constitutional structure established by the “Common Program” have been inherited and developed by the 1982 Constitution. Therefore, there is historical continuity between politics and jurisprudence.