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以分蘖洋葱品系Z-018的茎尖外植体为材料,通过不同浓度秋水仙素及处理时间对分蘖洋葱茎尖细胞染色体的诱导,以获得倍性变异的分蘖洋葱材料。结果表明:当秋水仙素质量分数为0.01%,处理4 d时,多倍体的诱导率最高,可达42.22%。得到的变异植株与正常二倍体植株相比,表现为生长缓慢,叶片、假茎及根系粗壮,叶片的气孔保卫细胞变大,密度减小。进一步对根尖染色体数目进行鉴定及利用流式细胞仪分析测定DNA含量,在149株变异株中,获得倍性变异株117株,其中四倍体材料81株,占变异总数的54.36%。
The shoot apical explants of tillering onion strain Z-018 were used as materials to induce the chromosomes of tillering tip stem cells by different concentrations of colchicine and treatment time to obtain the tillering onion material with ploidy variation. The results showed that when the colchicine content was 0.01%, the induction rate of polyploid was the highest, reaching 42.22%. Compared with the normal diploid plants, the mutant plants showed slow growth, thick leaves, pseudostems and roots, and the stomatal guard cells of the leaves became larger and the density decreased. The number of apical chromosomes was further identified and the DNA content was determined by flow cytometry analysis. Of the 149 isolates, 117 were ploidy mutants, of which 81 were tetraploid materials, accounting for 54.36% of the total variance.