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高品质的矿物油乳剂可用于有机食品生产,在害虫综合治理中有良好的应用前景。矿物油是包含多种化学成分的混合物,其组成成分和比例决定其理化性质并关系到其防治病虫害的效果。已有研究报道表明,矿物油乳剂对许多害虫有拒避作用,但其机理及相关性组成成分尚未研究清楚。本实验测定了4种矿物油乳剂即SK绿颖农用喷洒油、加德士-路易夏用油、安波尔喷洒油、法夏乐石蜡油(分别简称为SK,Caltex,Ampol和Citrole油)和Caltex油<120℃,>120℃,<105℃,105～120℃及SK油<110℃、>110℃等6种分子蒸馏组分的正构烷烃碳数当量nCy值、碳数分布值及其对橘小实蝇Bactroceradorsalis的产卵拒避效果。室内生物测定结果显示,橘小实蝇在SK,Caltex,Ampol和Citrole油0.5%水乳液及清水浸蘸处理后的香蕉上平均产卵孔数分别为17.850±1.282,3.400±0.630,15.850±1.439,20.650±1.212和19.050±1.155,在同样方法处理的阳桃上平均产卵孔数分别为15.500±3.969,3.000±0.707,13.750±4.131,17.250±4.385和62.000±4.708。橘小实蝇在6种分子蒸馏组分0.5%水乳液处理后的香蕉上的平均产卵孔数分别为4.400±1.166,8.200±0.583,5.400±1.720,2.400±1.077,4.800±1.594和12.200±2.63,显示不同矿物油的拒避效果差异显著(P<0.05),拒避效果最好的矿物油的正构烷烃碳数当量nCy值在nC23左右。矿物油对橘小实蝇的产卵拒避效果与其相应的碳数分布值的Spearman等级相关性分析显示,其拒避效果与矿物油中的C23组分的含量呈显著正相关关系(P<0.05)。这可为进一步分析矿物油乳剂拒避害虫的作用成分和探索其机理提供参考。
High-quality mineral oil emulsion can be used for organic food production, and has good application prospect in the comprehensive management of pests. Mineral oil is a mixture containing a variety of chemical composition, its composition and proportion of its physical and chemical properties and its control pest and disease effects. It has been reported that mineral oil emulsion has a repellent effect on many pests, but its mechanism and related components have not been studied clearly. In this experiment, four mineral oil emulsions, namely SK Green Agro-spray oil, Caltex-Louis summer oil, Anpole spray oil and Fischer-Tropsch wax oil (abbreviated as SK, Caltex, Ampol and Citrole oil) And the n-alkyne nCy value of n-alkane of 6 kinds of molecular distillation components such as Caltex oil <120 ℃,> 120 ℃, <105 ℃, 105 ~ 120 ℃ and SK oil <110 ℃,> 110 ℃. And its oviposition-avoidance effect on Bactroceradorsalis. The results of indoor bioassay showed that the average numbers of ova produced on the banana after dipping with 0.5% water emulsion of SK, Caltex, Ampol and Citrole oil and fresh water were 17.850 ± 1.282, 3.400 ± 0.630 and 15.850 ± 1.439, respectively , 20.650 ± 1.212 and 19.050 ± 1.155, respectively. The average numbers of spawning holes on the same-treated Carambola were 15.500 ± 3.969, 3.000 ± 0.707, 13.750 ± 4.131, 17.250 ± 4.385 and 62.000 ± 4.708, respectively. The average number of oviparous perforations on the banana after 6 kinds of molecular distillation components 0.5% aqueous emulsion treatment were respectively 4.400 ± 1.166, 800 ± 0.583, 5.400 ± 1.720, 2.400 ± 1.077, 4.800 ± 1.594 and 12.200 ± 2.63, showing significant differences (P0.05) in the rejection effect of different mineral oils. The nCy value of normal paraffins in the best-avoided mineral oil was around nC23. Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between the repellent effect and the content of C23 in mineral oil (P < 0.05). This may provide a reference for further analysis of the role of mineral oil emulsion to resist pests and explore its mechanism.