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根据二年的观察和测定结果表明,表油菜素内酯(24—Epi brassinolide,简称BR)能够减少玉米果穗顶端籽粒的败育率。用0.01PPM BR全株喷施效果较好。抽雄前全株喷施似乎比吐丝后喷施对减少籽粒败育的效果更好。喷施米果穗的次数增多,虽能减少败育率,但效果不如全株喷施。喷施BR以后,玉植株光合作用增强、比叶重和叶绿素含量增高,而果穗顶端籽粒的相对电导率下降(即籽粒活性增强)。这些性状均与籽粒败育率呈显著或极显著相关。另外,吐丝后喷施BR亦有增加千粒重的效果。因而BR从增加穗粒数和粒重两个方面提高了玉米的籽粒产量。
According to the results of two years’ observation and determination, 24-Epi brassinolide (BR) can reduce the abortion rate of the top ear of corn ear. With 0.01PPM BR spraying the whole plant better. Spraying whole plant before tasseling seems to be better than reducing sprout after spraying. Spraying rice ear number increased, although can reduce the abortion rate, but the effect is not spraying the whole plant. After spraying BR, the photosynthesis of jade plants increased, the specific leaf weight and chlorophyll content increased while the relative electric conductivity of the top of the ear fruits decreased (that is, the grain activity was enhanced). These traits were significantly or highly correlated with the rate of grain abortion. In addition, after spraying BR also increase the effect of 1000-grain weight. Thus, BR increased grain yield of maize from two aspects of increasing grain number and grain weight.