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目的:探讨武汉地区哮喘和变应性鼻炎患者的吸入性变应原种类和变应原皮试阳性情况。方法:2003-2006年武汉地区262例哮喘和/或变应性鼻炎患者为实验组,497例支气管炎患者为对照组,选择尘螨、豚草花粉、旧棉絮、蟑螂等10种常见吸入性变应原对两组患者做皮内试验,对结果进行回顾性分析。结果:实验组皮试阳性率(67.6%)高于对照组。实验组皮试阳性率较高的变应原依次为:蟑螂(56.5%),豚草花粉(51.1%),旧棉絮(50.4%)和尘螨(46.9%)。除梧桐花粉外(P>0.05),实验组对其它9种变应原的皮试阳性率均高于对照组。实验组中阳性结果多为+和。结论:武汉地区与哮喘和变应性鼻炎有关的主要吸入性变应原是蟑螂、豚草花粉、旧棉絮和尘螨。变应原皮试能为哮喘和变应性鼻炎的预防提供实验依据。
Objective: To investigate the types of inhaled allergens and allergen skin tests in patients with asthma and allergic rhinitis in Wuhan. Methods: 262 cases of asthma and / or allergic rhinitis in Wuhan area from 2003 to 2006 were selected as experimental group and 497 cases of bronchitis as control group. 10 kinds of common inhalants such as dust mite, ragweed pollen, old cotton wool and cockroach were selected The allergen did an intradermal test on both groups of patients and the results were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The positive rate of skin test in experimental group (67.6%) was higher than that in control group. The allergens with the highest positive skin test rate in the experimental group were cockroach (56.5%), ragweed pollen (51.1%), old cottonseed (50.4%) and dust mite (46.9%). Except Indus pollen (P> 0.05), the skin test positive rate of the other 9 kinds of allergens was higher in experimental group than in control group. Positive results in the experimental group mostly + and. CONCLUSIONS: The main inhaled allergens associated with asthma and allergic rhinitis in Wuhan are cockroaches, ragweed pollen, old cotton wool and dust mites. Allergen skin test can provide experimental evidence for the prevention of asthma and allergic rhinitis.