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一、前言使用弹性波探测地质构造的方法,大致分为折射波法和反射波法二种。过去,在浅层地质构造探测领域,所谓的弹性波测量方法即折射波法,不仅在资源勘查方面,而且在工程地质勘查方面也广泛采用,并取得了显著的成果。这是由于折射波法在技术上已很成熟,用廉价仪器和少量人员通过简单的操作,就能得到满意的勘探效果。相反,由于反射波法需要昂贵的仪器设备,较多的野外人员,复杂的数据处理和费用开支的原因,在浅层地质构造勘探领域中很少使用。但近年来用反射波法寻找地下浅部构造的要求与日俱增,浅层反射法受到普遍的关注。
I. INTRODUCTION The method of using elastic waves to detect geological structures is roughly divided into two types: refraction wave method and reflection wave method. In the past, in the field of shallow geological structure detection, the so-called elastic wave measurement method, that is, refraction wave method, has been widely adopted not only in resource exploration but also in engineering geological prospecting and has achieved remarkable results. This is due to the fact that the refractive-wave method is technically very mature and can be satisfactorily explored with simple operations using inexpensive instruments and small numbers of personnel. In contrast, reflection wave methods are rarely used in shallow geological formations due to the need for expensive instrumentation, more field personnel, complex data processing and expense reasons. However, in recent years, the requirement of using the reflection wave method to find the shallow subsurface structures has been increasing day by day. The shallow reflection method has received widespread attention.