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缓冲材料作为高放废物深地质处置库中一道重要的人工屏障,与高放废物容器和处置库围岩直接接触,在高放废物衰变热、辐射作用和地下水等影响下产生复杂的热-水-力-化学耦合作用,为了验证缓冲材料是否能长期有效地发挥其屏障材料的作用,核工业北京地质研究院利用高庙子钠基膨润土组装并运行了模拟中国高放废物地质处置室1:2尺寸的大型缓冲材料膨润土试验台架(China-Mock-Up)。建立了缓冲材料试验台架的安装和试验方法,依据实测数据和理论分析,揭示了热-水-力-化学耦合作用条件下膨润土中的相对湿度是在加热器的热效应和外部供水的湿效应共同作用下发生变化的,压实膨润土中应力的变化主要是由于膨润土遇水膨胀和加热器的热效应引起的,试验验证了模拟高放废物地质处置室内加热器(废物罐)运行初期的位移过程,为缓冲材料和高放废物地质处置库的设计提供了重要的工程参数和理论依据。
As an important artificial barrier in the deep geological repository for HLW, cushioning material is in direct contact with the surrounding rock of the HLW container and repository and generates complex heat-water under the influence of decay heat, radiation and groundwater from the HLW In order to verify whether the cushioning material can exert its barrier material effectively for a long time, the Beijing Institute of Geology of the Nuclear Industry assembled and operated the geologic disposal room simulating China’s high level radioactive waste with sodium bentonite: 2-size large buffer bentonite test bench (China-Mock-Up). Based on the measured data and theoretical analysis, the relative humidity in bentonite under the condition of thermo-hydro-mechanical-chemical coupling was revealed as the thermal effect on heater and the wet effect of external water supply The changes of the stress in the compacted bentonite are mainly caused by the expansion of bentonite and the thermal effect of the heater. The experiment verifies the displacement process of the initial operation of the geothermal disposal (waste tank) , Which provided important engineering parameters and theoretical basis for the design of buffer material and HLW geological repository.