目的:对比分析放射治疗同步联合厄洛替尼或化疗治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的疗效。方法:治疗组17例,给予厄洛替尼150mg口服,1次/d。对照组18例,采用TP方案:顺铂30mg/m2,d1～d3;紫杉醇135mg/m2,d1。两组第1天同时开始放疗,总剂量60～70Gy/6～7周。结果:治疗组完全缓解率(CR)、部分缓解率(PR)、无变化+病变进展(SD+PD)分别为41.2%、52.9%和11.8%;对照组分别为38.9%、50.0%和11.1%,差异无统计学意义,χ2=0.004,P=0.952。1年生存率分别为76.4%、72.2%,差异无统计学意义,χ2=0.083,P=0.774。生活质量的改善稳定率分别为88.2%、72.2%,差异无统计学意义,χ2=1.401,P=0.237。血液(χ2=5.402,P=0.02)及上消化道反应(χ2=4.265,P=0.039)对照组高于治疗组,具有统计学意义。结论:放疗同步联合厄洛替尼联与同步联合化疗治疗NSCLC相比疗效相当,但毒性较低,安全性和耐受性比较好。 OBJECTIVE: To compare and analyze the efficacy of radiotherapy combined with erlotinib or chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: The treatment group of 17 cases, given erlotinib 150mg orally, 1 time / d. The control group, 18 cases, the TP program: cisplatin 30mg / m2, d1 ~ d3; paclitaxel 135mg / m2, d1. Radiotherapy was started on the first day in both groups with a total dose of 60-70 Gy / 6-7 weeks. Results: The complete remission rate (CR), partial remission rate (PR), no change + disease progression (SD + PD) were 41.2%, 52.9% and 11.8% in the treatment group and 38.9%, 50.0% and 11.1 %, The difference was not statistically significant, χ2 = 0.004, P = 0.952 1-year survival rates were 76.4%, 72.2%, the difference was not statistically significant, χ2 = 0.083, P = 0.774. The improvement and stability of the quality of life were 88.2% and 72.2% respectively, with no significant difference (χ2 = 1.401, P = 0.237). Blood (χ2 = 5.402, P = 0.02) and upper gastrointestinal tract response (χ2 = 4.265, P = 0.039) were higher in the control group than in the treatment group, with statistical significance. Conclusion: The combination of radiotherapy and erlotinib is more effective than concurrent chemotherapy in the treatment of NSCLC, but the toxicity is lower, and the safety and tolerability are better.