甲状腺乳头状癌(papillary thyroid carcinoma,PTC)是甲状腺癌中最常见类型,其诊断主要依赖于复杂的乳头状分枝及其核的特征(图1),病理学诊断难度不大。但在实际工作中,某些甲状腺良性病变如结节性甲状腺肿、滤泡性腺瘤中常出现良性乳头状增生,这些乳头状增生或假乳头,有时与PTC中的“真性乳头”结构相似而难以鉴别;另外滤泡亚型乳头状癌与良性滤泡在组织学方面也容易混淆, Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer. The diagnosis depends mainly on the complex papillae and its nuclear features (Figure 1). Pathological diagnosis is not difficult. However, in practical work, some benign thyroid lesions such as nodular goiter, follicular adenoma often appear benign papillary hyperplasia, these papillary hyperplasia or false nipple, sometimes with the PTC in the “true nipple ” structure is similar And difficult to identify; other follicular subtype papillary carcinoma and benign follicles in the histology is also easy to confuse,