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目的:探讨鼻腔气流流场与鼻腔气道结构、功能之间的关系。方法:根据CT对25例健康中国人鼻腔气道进行表面三维重建和有限元剖分,设定边界条件后求解Navier-Stokes方程,分析通气量为10L/min时吸气相的气流流场。结果:①5例以双侧鼻腔通气为主,气流主要流经总鼻道中部;20例以一侧鼻腔通气为主:在主要通气侧气流主要经过总鼻道中、下部,在非主要通气侧气流主要经过总鼻道中部。②气流速度在鼻阈,总鼻道中部、下部主要通气侧和非主要通气侧均差异具有统计学意义,在嗅裂,中、下鼻道双均侧差异无统计学意义;③主要通气侧流速在鼻阈最快,在总鼻道中部、下部次之,在中、下鼻道,嗅裂最慢;非主要通气侧气道各部位流速均差异无统计学意义。结论:①10L/min时总鼻道中、下部起主要通气作用。②鼻阈、下鼻甲、中鼻甲依次对进入鼻腔的气流进行有效、合理分流,鼻周期可能与之相关。
Objective: To explore the relation between nasal airflow and nasal airway structure and function. Methods: Three-dimensional reconstruction and finite element analysis of nasal airway of 25 healthy Chinese were performed by CT. Navier-Stokes equation was solved after the boundary conditions were set, and the flow field of the inhalation phase was analyzed when the ventilation volume was 10L / min. Results: ① In 5 cases, bilateral nasal ventilation was the main flow, and the air flow was mainly in the middle part of the total nasal tract. In 20 cases, the nasal air flow was mainly on the side of the main nasal airway. Mainly through the middle of the total nasal passages. (2) There was no significant difference in airflow rate between nasal threshold, middle and lower main nasal airway and non-main ventilatory side, and there was no significant difference in both sides of olfactory fissure, middle and inferior nasal passages; The fastest nasal flow velocity in the middle and lower part of the total nasal passages, in the middle and lower nasal passages, olfactory tear the slowest; non-major venous airway airway velocity differences were not statistically significant. Conclusion: ①10L / min in the total nasal passages, the lower part of the main ventilation role. ② nasal threshold, the inferior turbinate, middle turbinate sequentially into the nasal air stream to an effective and rational diversion, nasal cycle may be related.